The 3D Printing of Biomass–Fungi Composites: Effects of Waiting Time after Mixture Preparation on Mechanical Properties, Rheological Properties, Minimum Extrusion Pressure, and Print Quality of the Prepared Mixture

Biomass–fungi composites, an emerging class of sustainable materials, have potential applications in the construction and packaging industries. Molding-based manufacturing methods are typically employed to make products from these composites. Recently, a 3D printing-based method was developed for biomass–fungi composites eliminate need making molds facilitate customized product design compared with based on molding hot-pressing. This has six stages: material preparation; primary colonization; mixture printing; secondary drying. paper reports study about effects waiting time between preparation printing using As increased 0.25 3 h, hardness compressibility prepared increased. 8 shear viscosity showed decreasing trend; yield stress at beginning, then significantly decreased until reached did not vary after h. increased, storage modulus loss decreased, tangent delta minimum required pressure continuous extrusion during extrusion-based The print quality (in terms layer-height shrinkage filament-width uniformity) reasonably good when exceed 4.5